Nope cavitation can happen where ever there is a liquid.

Basically cavitation is a term for when a cavity (or bubble) occurs in a liquid. This can happen as a change in (localised) pressure or temperature. The common term for cavitation occurring due to a change in temperature is of course boiling! The snap crackle and pop sounds you get from a kettle boiling are due to bubbles forming.

However, cavitation is usually associated with changes in pressure. For situations of flow - say in hydraulics - you get a drop in pressure at high fluid / flow speeds. If you go fast enough you reach a pressure where the fluid or liquid will "boil" at the ambient temperature.

Fluctuations in pressure can also happen as a result of sound pressure waves. This is called acoustic cavitation and that is my speciality!