Recheck how you determined how your timing is 10˚ off. Your picture shows 10˚ advanced. Your videos show both lifter noise and injector noise. Engine seems to run fine, so the timing probably isn't out far enough to worry about.

Important things first....fix the injectors, switch to a high detergent synthetic oil and see if you get improvement in the lifter department after 1000 miles or so. If so, great, if not, it gave you time to cool off and try again with the ASD pump when you're not pissed off at it.

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Current stable:
1995 E320 149K (Nancy)
1983 500SL 120K (SLoL)

Black Sheep:
1985 524TD 167K (TotalDumpster™)

Gone but not forgotten:
1986 300SDL (RIP)
1991 350SD
1991 560SEL
1990 560SEL
1986 500SEL Euro (Rusted to nothing at 47K!)