I have looked on the posts and found many entries about adjusting the Bowden Cable, but nothing about how to adjust the cable.
How do you adjust the Bowden Cable?

There's a nut/bolt where the cable terminates on top of the valve cover.

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1977 300d 70k--sold 08
1985 300TD 185k+
1984 307d 126k--sold 8/03
1985 409d 65k--sold 06
1984 300SD 315k--daughter's car
1979 300SD 122k--sold 2/11
1999 Fuso FG Expedition Camper
1993 GMC Sierra 6.5 TD 4x4
1982 Bluebird Wanderlodge CAT 3208--Sold 2/13

^^Yes, on mine it's white plastic, measure and just turn to adjust. Backing out helped me.

Attached Thumbnails

 

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83 SD

84 CD

Mine is black and I turned it toward the driver side 4 turns to get the tranny to shift later.

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Ginny in Denver-ish
78 300SD, 265K (mine)

You don't say what year your car is, if earlier year you might not have a bowden cable.

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1977 300D Lost coolant while someone else was driving
1983 300D Can't run without oil
1985 300SD (gone but not forgotten)
1990 300TE 4matic Sold
1991 Yamaha Venture
1975 Kawsaki 250 triple
1974 Honda 200CL
1951 8N Ford
2008 Wildfire 650C

Loosening the cable will make the transmission shift later.
Try it in small increments.

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one of the members in the forum (tvpierce) tought me how to adjust my 190e.
i don't know if your's would be the same with mine
what i did was to loosen the cable first by turning the white plastic adjustment clockwise and then turning it counter clockwise to make the cable tight with a very very minimal of play. it made the shifting faster and holds the gears right

the idea is the tighter the cable the faster it shift gears and faster gear holding

Yes. The early 123's and the 116's have rods instead of a cable. The rods are adjustable.

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1977 300d 70k--sold 08
1985 300TD 185k+
1984 307d 126k--sold 8/03
1985 409d 65k--sold 06
1984 300SD 315k--daughter's car
1979 300SD 122k--sold 2/11
1999 Fuso FG Expedition Camper
1993 GMC Sierra 6.5 TD 4x4
1982 Bluebird Wanderlodge CAT 3208--Sold 2/13

I'm trying to figure out where the solid rod is. It looks to me like it runs down by the intake and connects to a lever that is mounted on the block. I'm having a hard time seeing where the adjustment is... Any pics?

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1979 300D 275K

PM me and I can email PDF FSM files. Pictures are not good, but the description of procedure may help.

John

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Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
2002 F250 powerstroke with Plantdrive WVO conversion
1983 300SD 190K miles ,sold
2006 E320 CDI