Question about parts on 81 300d injection pump
 

Yesterday I worked on trying to find vacuum problems to alleviate the shifting and non-shut down issues on the wife's car. While I was at it, I took some pics, and these two things looked odd to me. First, there what looks like an open vacuum connection (nipple) on the round part in the picture. A), What is that thing?, and B) does that nipple need a plug or is there supposed to be a vacuum line attached to it?
Second, after looking at the vacuum valve for the auto. transmission, is there supposed to be a lever arm on that or not? With that pin sticking halfway out of the housing, it looks like one might, but I can't see anything that it would "move". Thanks for any replies. I may be getting ready to replace the shut off valve underneath them, and if there's something that will either keep me from having to do that or that needs replaced when I do that job, I'd like to know in advance.

That pin is not connected to anything on either of mine, see pic, but they're turbos. My old 240 didn't have anything connected there either, second pic.

That open nipple is supposed to be open, it is the automatic atmospheric pressure compensator, or ADA.

the pin is the stop point for the vcv. arm hits it on full travel.
the tube is as mentioned, supposed to be open to sense air density for altitude compensation.

Thanks very much, guys! They just didn't look right, but that makes a lot of sense for both things I had questions about. Man, I love this forum. I was just thinking how long, if ever, it would take for me to find answers to simple, but to me, perplexing, questions if this forum weren't available. Now I can go on with the next step, which will be checking the ignition switch vac actuator, then if necessary, replacing that and\or the shut off valve. (I have a new shut off valve that I bought last winter, but it started working correctly again when I found a vacuum line off). If the weather would hold out, I'd do it regardless, but it dropped from the 70's last night to the 30's this morning, and rain is coming. But it may have to be done anyway.:( Thanks again for the help. I REALLY appreciate it! Lee