Ouch...even I got confused in this discussion. Let me try to answer the original question.

1. Shorting the connector did not damage the alternator or battery because all lamp connectors are protected with fuses.

2. A simple check of the alternator can be done with a voltmeter. First, without the engine running, measure the voltage across the battery. Note the value.

3. Start the car and again check the voltage at the battery. If it is higher than in 2, the alternator is working. If the battery voltage with the engine running is the same or lower, the alternator is not charging. With our mercedes, this can be happening without the battery light coming on. The most likely cause of the problem is worn brushes on the alternator. You can replace the brushes alone, but you have to be able to solder to do it. You can also just change the voltage regulator. Either of these can be done without removing the alternator.

HTH

Joe