Trouble shooting by replacing parts is expensive (unless you have a parts car), labor intensive and sometimes creates more problems for you.

As previously stated loosen the Fuel Injection Line nuts and deterring if you are getting fuel or not.
If you are not getting Fuel from there and your Engine cranking speed is good; next is the Filter change. (Fill the Spin-on Filter with Fuel and start pumping on your hand primer until you hear a buzzing or squishing sound coming from the Fuel Injection Pump.)

If still no Fuel; make sure you have at leas 1/2 tank or more of Fuel and exchange the Fuel Inlet hose with the Fuel Outlet hose (Cigar Hose). And, start pumping on the Hand Primer again. This will bypass your Fuel Tank Screen incase it is plugged.

The other way is to run a longer Fuel Inlet Hose to a container with clean Diesel Fuel and Hand Prime again.

Again leave the Nuts on the Fuel Injection Lines at the Injector loose until you see fuel coming out while you are cranking the Engine before you tighten the Nuts.

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84 300D, 82 Volvo 244Gl Diesel