adamkat22
So far you've done a bunch of right things:
First you found this forum---no better exists
Second you've posted a question, and
third you are listening to the advice.
So far, so good. ( You might be surprised at the number of people who argue instead of listen)
Don't worry about what you don't know. There is enough knowledge here to help you, just keep providing good information.
Take care of the basics first. Battery and wiring.
Trouble-shooting a diesel is easy because ( assuming everything is in good mechanical order) a no-start must be either in the starting/starting aids, or the fuel systems. Get the starting and and starting aids correct before moving to the fuel system. Eliminate each thing in order, then move on.
Get the battery fully charged, make sure all the electrical connections are tight, and get the glow plugs sorted out. I am not familiar with the loop style plugs and their wiring--someone here will direct you as to whether you can still use the squiggly large wires with the pencil style plugs.
Oh, and welcome to the forum!

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1982 300SD " Wotan" ..On the road as of Jan 8, 2007 with Historic Tags