Oh Dear !!
Looks like you have a leak of air into the fuel.
Is the little primary filter part of your set up? They can have leaks around the hose fittings.
The most likely place air will be getting in is on the vacuum side of the primer pump. Is the hose good?
Are you getting a good stream of fuel out the return line when you pump the primer?
I had an annoying air leak on my diesel jeep. It has a similar fuel system. I ended up using a can of spray glue & making a mess spraying every connection 1 at a time & testing until I found the air leak.
Probably if I was as frustrated as you must be by now, I would put a small electric fuel pump in the line from the bottle & set it going for a while circulating fuel under pressure until every bit of air was gone. But thats just me!
I prime my 617 by attaching an air hose to the return line to the tank & lightly pressurizing the tank. It has the old style primer pump & it leaks & so destroys engine mounts & I have trouble getting it to seal after priming. You can hear the air exiting the tank vent. The return line out of the filter housing I have going to a bottle. When there are no more bubbles of air, I quickly reconnect the return line to how it should be. It takes some skill as if you are not quick, the diesel under pressure in the tank comes back up the return line & gives you a face full of diesel. Dont ask how I know !!

What happened with the WD40?
Sorry for asking so many questions, its just my way of making suggestions (the answers).
__________________
Grumpy Old Diesel Owners Club group
I no longer question authority, I annoy authority. More effect, less effort....
1967 230-6 auto parts car. rust bucket.
1980 300D now parts car 800k miles
1984 300D 500k miles
1987 250td 160k miles English import

2001 jeep turbo diesel 130k miles

1998 jeep tdi ~ followed me home. Needs a turbo.
1968 Ford F750 truck. 6-354 diesel conversion.
Other toys ~J.D.,Cat & GM ~ mainly earth moving