What filter did you use? I know a Wix filter comes with a new "O" Ring, but it won`t stay on when placing the Lid on the base. It keeps falling off getting it seated,, have to keep a finger on each side till it is all the way down.
It could be the cold has shrunk the "O" Ring a bit like you are speculating, especially if it is one like the Wix.
I have never experienced the temps you guys see.
The Mann Filter "O" Rings fit tighter on the lid.
X2 don`t crank down on the Nuts, as you can strip out the Studds that are screwed into the aluminum Housing.
Remove the Lid, remove the "O" Ring, clean it off with some alcohol, gas or something to clean the oil off, and the same with the Lid and base. Put it back together. Being squeaky clean might make a better seal.
I would try this first before gooping it up with some type of sealant.
I keep my old "O" Rings from the oil changes, have them hanging on a nail in the Barn. Don`t ask, guess that goes along with saving old rubber bands, tying pieces of string together etc...
.... but anyway if I ever need one for some reason,......
Charlie