I would pull the glow plugs and turn the engine slowly by hand from the crank shaft damper bolt in the direction of rotation slowly and see if it hangs up in any areas of rotation. If it hangs up, I will suspect that the valve lifer issue might have cause some of the valves and pistons to collide possibly bending or damaging some of the valve.

Another possible is if the 190 engines have bearing towers as the same era 300D engines do when valves and pistons collide it can crack the aluminum bearing towers that the camshaft rides in.

Look for valve train damage.

The other issue is old oil might not have allowed the timing chain tensoioner to tension correctly and the chain could have jumped some teeth. Line the engine up on top dead center which is OT on the damper on the compression stroke and see if the camshaft timing marks are close to being line up.

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84 300D, 82 Volvo 244Gl Diesel