The reason MB, BMW Jag most Euro and many high-end Japanese cars use lug bolts is because they all use hub centric hubs and wheels, whether steel of alloy all of the load bearing surface is carried and distributed through the hub center tang and wheel bore. Studs would serve no purpose for aligning, or fixing the wheel to the hub in this type of set-up.

American cars have usually not been hub-centric but rather stud centric by design. In this set-up you carry and distribute the load through the studs themselves, not the hub center. These studs carry the full load, this is why they are pressed in, you apply load to the press fit, not the threads. A wheel bolt on a stud centric hub is a bad idea as you are applying lateral forces to threads, not safe and very prone to sheer.

Stud-centric cars are generally sloppy, mass-produced approach whereby the rotating balance of the wheel is fine up to a certain limit, usually 120-140mph, beyond this you need special attention to drivetrain balance so as to keep it from tearing itself appart.

Hub-centric designs are more performance oriented and have more precise machining. This design lends itself better to high performance, where heavy cornering and speed loads are better carried and distributed throughout the wheel hub assembly. This is why you often find Euro performance cars with this design since the 1960's, extra need for handeling and autobahn speeds.

Hope that helps

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Stable Mates:
1987 300TD 310K mi (Hans)
2008 Jeep Grand Cherokee OM642 165k mi (Benzrokee)