Ahh.
We couldn't figure this thing out. I brought in a professional mechanic and also he brought someone with experience in auto electric, who also happens to own three mercedes diesels. Together we couldn't get it stated.

It is true I messed up by trying to start the engine without filling the fuel filter, but we thought that problem was fixed. We have made sure that the system is primed, fuel comes out of the top of the filter when it is cracked. And when cracking injector lines, the fuel is squirting.

Well tomorrow is another day, and the mechanic has a source for a real shop manual rather than my Chilton version. He will also calibrate the valves.

I am still looking for advice. Our conclusion is it should start, but it isn't.