Does anyone know what happens if a sailor goes AWOL?

This sailor graduated from basic @ Great Lakes in March and was stationed in Florida. He found out a medical condition would prevent him from getting the job that he wanted, so he left.

What are the chances the Navy will come after him? If he gets pulled over for speeding, can a municipal/county/highway police officer see he is AWOL and arrest him?

He is under the belief that if he waits a period of time (6-9 months?) he can reapply to a different branch and "all will be forgiven" - is this likely?