I would wager that all your timing/valve parts are still in working order if your engine is running.

10 degrees sounds like exactly one tooth on the cams. As I recall, the cams have 36 or so teeth (10 degrees each).

Your computer is trying desperately to adjust timing and compensate. That's why you are getting codes and smells.

Also, you may have Throttle actuator issues after your timing is fixed. (I am not extremely familiar with the HFM models).

If I was in Florida, I would come time it for you for a small fee, but I cannot do anything but advise you based on your photos from here in CA...