Thanks for all the replies. I have all new lines and filters on hand but have not installed them so the issue isn't related to new parts. I took the prefilter out a week prior to it stalling out and cleaned it a bit, o-ring was fine and it isn't leaking.

I'll try isolating the issue by directly feeding from a bottle of diesel rather than the tank to see if I'm able to get it going. If that fails I'll look into the life pump (thanks Chris, hadn't thought of that). Hopefully I can get it up and running again soon. I'm heading to my MB dealer to pick up a strainer just in case.

Thanks for all the advice. I'll check back in when I know more.

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1995 Mercedes E300 Diesel