Hell, slavery was a common condition of man everywhere until the Renaissance. When it became less cost effective that estate of man dwindled. It got a big boost from agriculture in the new world because agriculture was still mostly a manual labor occupation. In North America slavery was under economic assault by industrial agriculture. Horse-drawn steel harrows and plows were cheaper than slaves. It was only a matter of time.

The only reason slavery is still feasible in the Arab world is that the wealth differential between the Persian Gulf countries and other countries, particularly on the Horn of Africa, are so dramatic. Where life is cheap, slavery is a viable alternative to misery, starvation, and death.