I can only answer on pic #3. That is the vacuum control valve for the automatic transmission. Yes you can remove it if you are going with a stick.

It comes off with two 5mm allen bolts accessible from up top. You will also have to remove the plastic clip that holds the valve's lever to the piece of throttle linkage that moves the valve. Just use a small flathead screwdriver to pop it off.

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Mac
2002 e320 4matic estate│1985 300d│1980 300td
Previous: 1979 & 1982 & 1983 300sd │ 1982 240d

“Let's take a drive into the middle of nowhere with a packet of Marlboro lights and talk about our lives.” ― Joseph Heller, Catch-22