Your fuel filters are new?
I don't think the dealer rebuild kit includes all the parts needed to do a full rebuild. Did the kit come with the 30mm~ copper seal for the huge nut? A new tiny O-ring?
Since the IP and lift pump are Bosch, there are other kits out there that the dealer no longer has- if they ever did. It sounds like fuel is passing, but not enough. Either there is blockage (maybe not?) or you might need to look at that lift pump rebuild.
So you noticed the "camming" effect of the IP...I have hope now that you got it in right. I bought an IP lock but it was for earlier models- I had to gingerly move the IP in and make the connection. But it can work! Shoulda bought a lottery ticket THAT day!

Keep moving forward- you might find something you overlooked- just update us!

Cheers!

snapped_bolt

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'81 240D For now, a good place to borrow new parts
'80 300TD Probably will be put back into service!
'79 240D BACK IN SERVICE SINCE 09/16; limited use, oil leak. Guide pin r/sealed/replaced. Still a leak. Front crank seal....