Gosh, I feel so dumb! Parts #1 and #2 in the pic above (AKA extra slider and mystery slider) are in fact THE SAME PART, which serves to connect the regulator to the body-colored rail (#3). It broke in half! Which explains why half of it was still captive in the regulator, and the other half, which rides the rail, fell down to the bottom of the door. And also probably explains the extra stress on (and eventual failure of) the motor, as Diseasal300 mentioned. Well, another part to order. Nice to put that one to bed, lol.
On another note, any suggestions on what to lube up the new motor and sliders with? I've got a little bit of Gleitpaste, some white lithium grease, some graphite powder...and an O'Reilly's in town.