As has been said check the glow plugs.

I had some bad fuel that I got somewhere it did not run well till the engine was warmed up.

Air leaks in the fuel inlet hoses and the hand primer can cause misfiring. The fuel inlet hose between the fuel supply/lift pump and the fender well is cheap to replace from with hose from an Autoparts store. As long as it is fuel hose it will also be rated for Diesel Fuel. At least that is how it is out here.

If you pump your hand primer and it leaks fuel that is a likely source of an air leak.

240Ds often have M type fuel injection pumps that have O-rings in the delivery valve holders. If they leak people have said it can misfire.

The 240D fuel supply/lift pumps sometimes need to be rebuilt. There are kits for that.

There is a fuel pressure relief/overflow valve on the engine side of the fuel injecting pump that looks like a banjo bolt. It will have a piece in the center with a screwdriver slot of a ball bearing pressed into a hole in it. It is what controls the fuel supply pressure.

When old the spring inside loses tension, and they have trouble holding pressure at idle speed.
If you have the one with the screwdriver slot you can take it apart and look at the ball bearing inside that is used as a valve and see if it has rusted spots on it and you can measure the free length of the spring.
The free length is supposed to be 27mm. If not, you are allowed to carefully pull the spring till you get that free length and assemble it and see if that fixed the issue.

Also, if your idle speed is on the low side you may need to raise that.

__________________
84 300D, 82 Volvo 244Gl Diesel