I also agree that it sounds like a boost leak. Since you can replicate the noise while underhood, I would suggest spraying soapy water on all of the charge pipes/fittings and look for bubbles when the noise appears, may help you narrow it down a bit.

One thing that I did find a little odd, and possibly could be a contributor is the oil spray on your EGR valve. You may want to pull that off and inspect it for clogging, operation and the sealing on the exhaust side, it might be a slight high pressure exhaust leak there where it's mounted, so close to the turbo. Didn't see smoke, but the wet oil seems odd given how dry the surrounding area seems to be in the vid

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Stable Mates:
1987 300TD 310K mi (Hans)
2008 Jeep Grand Cherokee OM642 165k mi (Benzrokee)