I would take the car on a long hard drive. Sounds like maybe you broke sum crud loose when you pumped the primer pump.... I can't imagine what else it could be other than maybe a bad spray pattern from the crud (that should have been filtered out). Maybe some fuel additive/injector cleaner would help too. Also if the pump leaked you should get a new one (new style) and replace it, I think they are around $15 and it takes about 2 minutes to replace it.

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1985 300D Turbo ~225k
2000 F350 (Powerstroke) 4X4, SWB, CC, SRW, 6spd ~148k
1999 International 4900, DT466e (250hp/660 ft/lbs), Allison MD3060 ~73k