Hi Stefano,

The "little thingy that tells the engine how much gas to mix when cold" is the cold start valve, which enriches the mixture when starting at low coolant temps.

The ticking sound could be high voltage ignition currents conducting to ground. I suspect this because of the sound and the coinciding "miss" of combustion/power. Check ignition wires for wear and replace if necessary.

You cannot rule out the throttle actuator or wiring harness because problems with either can manifest regardless of temperature, especially with an electrical fault. Inspect the wiring harness for brittle or cracked insulation.

Good luck!
Jer