for the love of all that's good and holy, change the glow plugs first!
I had this happen to me about 2 years ago, and I tested with an ohm meter the GP's and they all tested right at 1 ohm, so I investigated additional issues.
pulled cover, and adjusted valves. no start
pulled all injectors and cleaned out the pc's and bled the fuel system... no start
verified the timing of the motor. no start.
tweaked and tinkered many many issues. no start.
gave up and started driving my wagon, then my other SD, then a vw... a 6.2 chebby... all the while trying other things, second guessing myself with valve adjusts, compression tests, etc, etc, etc...
still no start.
tonight, in despiration, (check my other thread... kinda got stranded on the side of the road...) I pulled all the glow plugs *3 were champions... all 5 plugs were dead. no gp's at all...
while bleading the injector lines, gee guess what?
it started just fine...
man I missed driving my 82...SOOOOOO much faster and more powerful than the 83...

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John HAUL AWAY, OR CRUSHED CARS!!! HELP ME keep the cars out of the crusher! A/C Thread
"as I ride with my a/c on... I have fond memories of sweaty oily saturdays and spewing R12 into the air. THANKS for all you do!

My drivers:
1987 190D 2.5Turbo
1987 560SL convertible
1987 190D 2.5-5SPEED!!!

1987 300TD
2005 Dodge Sprinter 2500 158"WB
1994GMC 2500 6.5Turbo truck... I had to put the ladder somewhere!