I have a line on a set of four 235/55/16 tires. Will they fit on my 2000 E320 Wagon with existing 215/55/16 tires?

They will fit yes but a calculator shows the increase in diameter will be 2.72" greater or 82.25 dia compared to 79.5" thus the speedometer will read 65MPH when you are actually traveling 67.2MPH

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'95 E320 Wagon my favorite road car. '99 E300D wolf in sheeps body, '87 300D Sportline suspension, '79 300TD w/ 617.952 engine at 367,750 and counting!

You're increasing your OD by an inch (DDH, it's actually the circumference that increases by 2.72) and your width by 10mm on both the inside and outside.

I'm thinking they will fit, though there is the potential for rubbing in the front at full lock. I don't recall hearing of anyone who has gone that size, it's quite rare.

A few additional considerations.

First, a "line" on tires is one thing, but be sure (1) they are FRESH tires, and not New Old Stock that's been sitting in their warehouse for two or three years, or maybe even longer.

Second, the wider tire on the narrower rim will tend to round the tread face on full inflation, so you will want to monitor wear across the tread face and adjust pressures accordingly so you maximize tire life. Note that reduced inflation pressures may result in lowered fuel economy.

Third, I only found a few brands of these tires. Assuming you have a warranty on them and one fails in a year or two, what are the odds you can find a suitable replacement, i.e. someone will still be making them? If you can't, you'll have to buy four more tires at that point, which will more than negate whatever savings you are getting on this deal. If the deal is so good that they throw in a fifth tire you can store for such a possibility, then that vitiates this concern.

Last but not least, if you will use these year-round and you live in an area with snow, they are likely to be markedly worse on snow than the narrower-profile stock tires, all other things being equal.

Good luck.

I hadn't thought much about the size until Can't Know chimed in!
That is a wide tire for a 16 in size, OE is 225/55/16
If they were for an E55 or high performance car they would be a 17" and probably staggered.
I too echo concern of finding more like them in the future.
Also add the rolling friction will reduce your fuel economy measurably but OTOH V8 drivers probably don't mind that.

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'95 E320 Wagon my favorite road car. '99 E300D wolf in sheeps body, '87 300D Sportline suspension, '79 300TD w/ 617.952 engine at 367,750 and counting!

oops, sorry about that! yes OD or Pi X dia. my bad!
DDH

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'95 E320 Wagon my favorite road car. '99 E300D wolf in sheeps body, '87 300D Sportline suspension, '79 300TD w/ 617.952 engine at 367,750 and counting!

Good point about rolling resistance, I doubt they make that size in lrr format.

You quoted the OE size for the W211; the OP correctly notes the W210 fitment is 215/55R16. It's mounted on a 7-1/2" rim, which will safely mount the 235/55 if the OP determines to go that route.

Oops, I was confusing OP with another friend who drives a E430 and I believe has AMG wheels or knockoffs.
Yes a 210 wagon uses a 215-55-16
I should know, thats what I have on the '99 E300D. I am looking at buying new tires for it in the next 6 months. And getting rid of the Umbrella wheels at the same time.

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'95 E320 Wagon my favorite road car. '99 E300D wolf in sheeps body, '87 300D Sportline suspension, '79 300TD w/ 617.952 engine at 367,750 and counting!