Lobotomy and even “ice pick lobotomy” had its following. Welcome to the medical chamber of horrors:
http://www.epub.org.br/cm/n02/historia/lobotomy.htm
chemical lobotomy
http://www.sntp.net/drugs/thorazine.htm
Though not always done with Thorazine, keeping the population hammered makes life at the prison a easier....for the staff
While not a final solution, and I admit an outrage in its own right, there are tracking devices available, and used to some extent (not known by me). Combine this with some meds and we have a step foreword.